Step 1: Find valence e- for all atoms. Add them together.
C:4x2=8
H:1x4=4
Total=12
Step2: Find octet e- for each atom and add them together.
C:8x2=16
H:2x4=8
Total=24
Step3: Subtract step 1 total from step 2. Gives you bonding e-.
24-12=12e-
Step 4: Find number of bonds by diving the number in step 3 by 2(because each bond is made of 2 e-)
12e-/2= 6 bond pairs
Step 5: Find the number of nonbonding (lone pairs) e-. Subtract step 3 number from step 1.
12-12= 0e-=0 lone pairs
Use information from step 4 and 5 to draw the lewis structure.
Lewis dot structure of C2H4
Alternatively a dot method can be used to draw the lewis structure.
Calculate the total valence electrons in the molecule.
C:4x2=8
H:1x4=4
Total=12
Put two carbons in the center and arrange hydrogena toms on the sides.Arrange electrons until both carbons get 8 electrons.